The Prosthetic Limb Users Survey of Mobility™ is a self-report instrument for measuring mobility of adults with lower limb amputation. It has been rigorously developed using modern psychometric methodology and is intended for use in clinical practice and research. PLUS-M™ instruments are based on a set of 44 calibrated questions called an item bank. Two fixed-length instruments and a computerized adaptive test (CAT) are available for use in clinics and research settings.
PLUS-M™ instruments are designed to integrate easily into clinical practice. PLUS-M™ short forms can be completed by a patient in about 2-3 minutes and take only 1-2 minutes to score. PLUS-M™ T-scores can be recorded directly on the back side of the short form and easily added to a patient's medical record. PLUS-M™ short forms can be re-administered at later visits to evaluate a patient's progress and assess their perceived changes in mobility.
PLUS-M™ instruments have been rigorously developed with data from more than 1500 prosthetic limb users. PLUS-M™ short forms are highly correlated to the PLUS-M™ item bank, meaning they can be used with confidence in research studies. PLUS-M™ T-scores are easily obtained and interpreted using the development sample data provided in the PLUS-M™ Users Guide. Development sample T-scores are provided by level of amputation, etiology, age, and gender to aid in interpretation.
Development HistoryPLUS-M™ was developed under funding from the National Institutes of Health (NIH grant number HD-065340) using contemporary outcome measure development standards.
Terms of UsePLUS-M™ short forms are free for non-commercial use. Examples of permitted non-commercial use and stipulations regarding other uses of PLUS-M™ are provided.
Publications & PressPLUS-M™ development efforts have been disseminated through presentations and publications. A library of abstracts, articles, presentations, and publications is available.
